Mammografie niet altijd zonder
risico's
Het preventief controlen op borstkanker
is niet geheel zonder risico's doordat men juist door het gebruik van gamma stralen ook
kanker kan gaan ontwikkelen. Dit verhaal is in het Engels maar toch zeer de moeite waard.
Lijkt een beetje op de bijwerkingen van een chemotherapie waarbij het immuunsysteem (met
name de voorraad anti-oxydanten) flink te leiden heeft met als gevolg een zeer verzwakt
immuunsysteem met alle gevolgen van dien.
However, there is growing evidence that
mammograms which, like any x-ray, involve zapping the patient with radiation can be
positively harmful and even cause the disease they are intended to detect. A Canadian
study, which has yet to be published in full, seems set to confirm the findings of earlier
research which clearly suggests that you are more likely to die from cancer if you undergo
screening than if you don't.
The Canadian study, using the National Breast Cancer Screening Trial, is examining the
effect of mammography on women under 50. Data released so far suggests that women whose
cancer was detected through mammograms have a shorter life expectancy than those who used
self examination alone.
Such concerns are far from new. As long ago as the early 1980s, the late Dr Robert
Mendelsohn, in Male Practice, How Doctors Manipulate Women (Contemporary Books, Chicago,
1982), wrote: "I have been warning for years that annual mammographic screening of
women without symptoms may produce more cancer than it detects." Mendelsohn quoted Dr
C Bailar III, editor in chief of the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, as making
the same point in a 1975 report. "His conclusion was supported by numerous studies,
which suggested that accumulated x-ray doses in excess of 100 rads over 10 to 15 years may
induce cancer of the breast," said Mendelsohn.
Klik
hier voor het volledige artikel
Onderzoek naar effect MRT
straling op borstkanker cellen
In-Vitro Studies Show MRT Anti-Cancer
(Human Breast Cancer) Properties
Foundation for Jacobson Resonance (FJR)
-- Experimental in-vitro studies at the College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State
University, have revealed anti-cancer properties of MRT, with select
field-schedules, in human mammary carcinoma cell populations.
Foundation for Jacobson Resonance (FJR)
-- Experimental in-vitro studies at the College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State
University, have revealed anti-cancer properties of MRT, with select field-schedules, in
human mammary carcinoma cell populations.
Ten million times weaker than the
earth’s steady magnetic field, millions of times weaker than those magnetic fields
emitted by power lines, cellular telephones and computers, these fields are apparently
physiologic. Now, we have evidence that they do play a vital role in the structure and
function of the state of well being in humans. Three energy field schedules (MRT signals)
utilizing the Jacobson Resonator,
consistently suppressed the proliferation rate/viability of neoplastic (cancer) cells
in-vitro.
Subsequent studies led by Principal
Investigator Dr. Cody Coyne at Mississippi State University, have detected a range of
biological proteins -- produced by breast cancer cell types -- have had their profiles
altered following exposure to the same schedules used in the gene studies, referenced
above.
Dr. Coyne states: “Investigations
have identified membrane associated complexes that are expressed at elevated or decreased
levels in MCF-7 populations following exposure to specific multi-frequency pico-Tesla
electromagnetic energy field schedules. Investigations have also detected several mRNA
sequences that are expressed in populations of MCF-7 human mammary carcinoma cells
following exposure to the same schedules that consistently suppressed the proliferation
rate/viability of MCF-7 cell populations.” It is our intent to publish these
experimental findings in the near future.
Dr. Jacobson offers: “We look upon
these findings as critically important. Indeed, we have identified genes and proteins that
are probably involved in suppressing growth and viability of human breast cancer cells
that can be regulated non-invasively. Furthermore, the genes and proteins identified may
serve as “targets” that can function as templates for the design of new
chemotherapeutic agents, and MRT may potentially serve as a viable adjunctive modality to
conventional chemotherapeutic agents. And. finally, MRT instrumentation can be applied as
a research tool for further scientific discovery as we seek to palliate human
suffering.”
For further information please contact
Harvey Grossman, Founder & President of the Foundation for Jacobson Resonance at
1.877.439.0514 in North America, and at 561.208.1775 from outside North
America. For charitable contributions only, call 561.208.1775
Ginseng and breastcancer
We evaluated the anticancer effect of a
range of ginseng compounds in varying doses by adding these compounds to the media in
which the breast cancer cells were grown. When the cancer cells were exposed to the
ginsenosides in a six-day assay, none of the ginsenosides enhanced the growth of the
cells, but the crude fraction we have designated as PQe not only inhibited proliferation
of the cancer cells at all doses but actually caused significant tumor cell death when
administered at high doses. In a ten-day assay, one ginsenoside (Rc) enhanced the
proliferation of the cancer cells, but all other ginsenosides were either neutral or
inhibitory. Again, PQe had the greatest inhibitory effect: after 10 days, the number of
cancer cells had been reduced by 98% compared to control cell cultures.
Meer hier
Breast Brachytherapy
Breast tumors are often treated with a
combination of tumor removal followed by external beam radiotherapy to the whole breast.
This has been found in several studies to result in the same cure rate as total breast
removal. Sadly, only one third or so of women choose to keep their breast. One of the
reasons for this low number may be that the external radiotherapy can take as long as 7
weeks to give, and this can be too much time away from home or work for some women.
Since 1998, Cancer Treatment Centers of America has had a treatment program which uses 5
days of partial breast brachytherapy (temporary radiation implant) instead of 5 - 7 weeks
of external beam radiotherapy. This shorter time period is a great benefit to all
patients, but especially working women, those who live far away from a radiation treatment
center, and those who just want to get the treatment over with as quickly as possible.
The brachytherapy procedure involves
placing some flexible plastic catheters (tiny tubes) into the breast. The procedure is
performed by a board-certified radiation oncologist (Dr. Kelly or Dr. Flynn), and is done
under ultrasound guidance. Nine times over the following 5 days, the catheters are briefly
connected to our high-dose-rate brachytherapy machine for an internal radiation treatment
through the catheters. These treatments take about 15 minutes each and are painless. On
Friday, the catheters are easily removed, and you will be able to go home on the same day.
During the 5 days of treatment you will be an out-patient and may stay in a guest room in
the building. You will not be radioactive, and can do most of your usual activities during
that period. We have nutrition classes and other activities available during the week.
Meer hier
Brachytherapie ook in Nederland? Kijk hier
Artificial Light at Night
Stimulates Breast Cancer Growth in Laboratory Mice
Results from a new study in laboratory
mice show that nighttime exposure to artificial light stimulated the growth of human
breast tumors by suppressing the levels of a key hormone called melatonin. The study also
showed that extended periods of nighttime darkness greatly slowed the growth of these
tumors.
The study results might explain why
female night shift workers have a higher rate of breast cancer. It also offers a promising
new explanation for the epidemic rise in breast cancer incidence in industrialized
countries like the United States.
The National Cancer Institute and the
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, agencies of the federal National
Institutes of Health, provided funding to researchers at the Bassett Research Institute of
the Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital in Cooperstown, New York and The Thomas Jefferson
University in Philadelphia, Pa. The results are published in the December 1, 2005 issue of
the scientific journal Cancer Research.
"This is the first experimental
evidence that artificial light plays an integral role in the growth of human breast
cancer," said NIEHS Director David A. Schwartz, M.D. "This finding will enable
scientists to develop new strategies for evaluating the effects of light and other
environmental factors on cancer growth."
"The risk of developing breast
cancer is about five times higher in industrialized nations than it is in underdeveloped
countries," said Les Reinlib, Ph.D., a program administrator with the NIEHS' grants
division. "These results suggest that the increasing nighttime use of electric
lighting, both at home and in the workplace, may be a significant factor."
Previous research showed that artificial
light suppresses the brain's production of melatonin, a hormone that helps to regulate a
person's sleeping and waking cycles. The new study shows that melatonin also plays a key
role in the development of cancerous tumors.
"We know that many tumors are
largely dependent on a nutrient called linoleic acid, an essential fatty acid, in order to
grow," said David Blask, M.D., Ph.D., a neuroendocrinologist with the Bassett
Research Institute and lead author on the study. "Melatonin interferes with the
tumor's ability to use linoleic acid as a growth signal, which causes tumor metabolism and
growth activity to shut down."
To test this hypothesis, the researchers
injected human breast cancer cells into laboratory mice. Once these cells developed into
cancerous tumors, the tumors were implanted into female rats where they could continue to
grow and develop.
The researchers then took blood samples
from 12 healthy, premenopausal volunteers. The samples were collected under three
different conditions - during the daytime, during the nighttime following 2 hours of
complete darkness, and during the nighttime following 90 minutes of exposure to bright
fluorescent light. These blood samples were then pumped directly through the developing
tumors.
"The melatonin-rich blood collected
from subjects while in total darkness severely slowed the growth of the tumors.
"These results are due to a direct effect of the melatonin on the cancer cells,"
said Blask. "The melatonin is clearly suppressing tumor development and growth."
In contrast, tests with the
melatonin-depleted blood from light-exposed subjects stimulated tumor growth. "We
observed rapid growth comparable to that seen with administration of daytime blood
samples, when tumor activity is particularly high," Blask said.
According to the researchers, melatonin
exerts a strong influence on the body's circadian rhythm, an internal biological clock
that regulates sleep-wake cycle, body temperature, endocrine functions, and a number of
disease processes including heart attack, stroke and asthma. "Evidence is emerging
that disruption of one's circadian clock is associated with cancer in humans, and that
interference with internal timekeeping can tip the balance in favor of tumor
development," said Blask.
"The effects we are seeing are of
greatest concern to people who routinely stay in a lighted environment during times when
they would prefer to be sleeping," said Mark Rollag, Ph.D., a visiting research
scientist at the University of Virginia and one of the study co-authors. "This is
because melatonin concentrations are not elevated during a person's normal waking
hours."
"If the link between light exposure
and cancer risk can be confirmed, it could have an immediate impact on the production and
use of artificial lighting in this country," said Blask. "This might include
lighting with a wavelength and intensity that does not disrupt melatonin levels and
internal timekeeping."
"Day workers who spend their time
indoors would benefit from lighting that better mimics sunlight," added Blask.
"Companies that employ shift workers could introduce lighting that allows the workers
to see without disrupting their circadian and melatonin rhythms."
Source: http://www.niehs.nih.gov
TAMOXIFEN APPROVED FOR REDUCING
BREAST CANCER INCIDENCE
The Food and Drug Administration today
announced the approval of Nolvadex (tamoxifen citrate), for reducing the incidence of
breast cancer in women at high risk for developing the disease. This new indication for
tamoxifen, which has been used as a breast cancer treatment for more than 20 years,
resulted from a recent study of the drug, conducted by the National Cancer Institute
(NCI), in women who were judged to be at increased risk of breast cancer. The study showed
that tamoxifen reduced the chance of getting breast cancer by 44 percent. The data also
showed that tamoxifen treatment did not completely eliminate breast cancer risk, and that
its longer term effects are not known.
"Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in American women and
accounts for 31 percent of all cancers among women. Today's action provides an important
new option for some women at heightened risk of breast cancer." said HHS Secretary
Donna E. Shalala.
In approving the drug for this new
indication, FDA emphasizes that Nolvadex should be prescribed only for women at high risk
for breast cancer following a medical evaluation of a woman's individual risk factors
including age, personal health history and family history of breast cancer -- factors
outlined in the approved labeling.
The agency notes that caution must be
used in prescribing the drug because of its potentially serious side effects including
endometrial cancer (cancer of the lining of the uterus), deep vein thrombosis (blood clots
in major veins), and pulmonary embolism (serious blood clots in the lungs).
"As with all drugs, there are risks
associated with use. As valuable as tamoxifen is to some patients, FDA strongly advises
women and their doctors to carefully weigh the benefits and risks of tamoxifen before
patients use the drug," said Dr. Michael A. Friedman, Acting FDA Commissioner.
The NCI study used a computerized model,
called the "Gail model", for assessing a woman's risk of breast cancer.
Recognizing that not all health care providers have access to this computer model, the
manufacturer will provide materials to calculate risk. The FDA has also required that
labeling provide information for doctors to help them identify women who should receive
the drug:
For example, the labeling specifies that
for women age 50 or older, the following risk factors would result in an increased risk of
breast cancer:
Family history of breast cancer (at least
two direct line relatives with breast cancer); personal health history (Presence of
atypical hyperplasia on breast biopsy); Had first child at age 30 or older; and
sarted menstruating at age 11 or younger. Today's approval of the new indication for
tamoxifen was based on the NCI study of more than 13,000 patients which was conducted by
one of NCI's national clinical trials networks called the National Surgical Adjuvant
Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP). The trial was halted 14 months early, in March l998,
when interim results showed that tamoxifen reduced breast cancer incidence by almost one
half.
FDA's decision is in keeping with the
FDA's Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee recommendation, in September 1998, that tamoxifen
be approved for high risk women for the reduction in the incidence of breast cancer. FDA
will also require that adequate patient follow-up to determine the extent of the benefits
and risks of long term use and emphasized that physicians and patients should be given
educational information about the drug's potential benefits and risks.
The manufacturer, Zeneca Pharmaceutical,
Inc. of Wilmington, Del., submitted a supplemental new drug application for tamoxifen's
new use on April 30 and at that time, FDA committed to a six-month review.
FDA CLEARS NEW DEVICE FOR
RADIATION TREATMENT FOR BREAST CANCER
FDA today cleared a new medical device
that provides another option for radiation treatment for women who have had a cancerous
lump removed from their breast (lumpectomy).
The device, a brachytherapy applicator,
is designed to irradiate the surgical site from which the lump has been removed, with
minimal irradiation of the surrounding tissue. (Brachytherapy is radiation treatment in
which the source of radiation is close to the area being treated.)
The new device is the MammoSite Radiation
Therapy System, made by Proxima Therapeutics, Inc., of Alpharetta, Ga. It consists of a
hollow catheter to which an inflatable balloon it attached.
The device is implanted into the breast
at the site of the lumpectomy, and the balloon is inflated. A radioactive source is then
placed into the catheter. The balloon acts to center the radiation source within the
wound. After a series of treatments are completed--typically over several days--the
catheter is removed.
The device is intended to be used
primarily to treat breast cancer in its early stages when there is no need to remove the
whole breast. It does not replace whole breast irradiation in women who need that
treatment.
FDA cleared the device based on
information that showed it was comparable in safety and effectiveness to other devices
used to deliver brachytherapy to the breast and other body parts. Such information
included clinical data from 25 women at eight medical centers who had the device implanted
after lumpectomy. The study showed that this new method of delivering brachytherapy was
relatively simple and did not create increased risk to the patient.
As a condition for clearance, FDA is
requiring Proxima Therapeutics to include a warning in the product labeling that the
safety and effectiveness of MammoSite as a replacement for whole breast irradiation to
treat breast cancer has not been established.
Vrijwilligers
gezocht
U zult begrijpen dat wij
onmogelijk alles alleen kunnen doen dus mocht je willen helpen bij een bepaald thema,
vertaalwerk, links bezoeken etc dan is alle hulp welkom.
Mvg
Ron Fonteine
Email adres: ugamedia@wirehub.nl
